Cattawade, Sholing & Lincolnshire :: 15/16/18 July 2026

Saturday arrived, and after a quick discussion with Kev @kev07713, we decided to head down to Sholing, Southampton, in the hope of seeing the black-crowned night heron that had been present for the previous couple of days. After the week I'd had, we opted for a slightly later start than usual, setting off at 6.00am. It was still early enough to beat the worst of the traffic while allowing ourselves a little extra rest.

We made a brief comfort stop enroute and, as we got back into the car, received some encouraging news from the site - the bird was still there. We contacted our friend Bryan Manston, who was about 40 minutes ahead of us, and he confirmed that the heron had been seen in the reeds, although it hadn't yet ventured into the open.

Buoyed by the positive reports, we continued towards Southampton, feeling increasingly confident that we were in for a successful day. Then the phone rang. It was Bryan.

Unfortunately, the news wasn't what we wanted to hear. The night heron had suddenly flown high over the trees and disappeared, leaving everyone searching in vain. Bryan had decided to cut his losses and would head down to Pennington in search of a curlew sandpiper, a bird they would ultimately miss as well, so they wouldn't be there by the time we arrived.

We parked up and spent the next few hours chatting with other birders as they came and went, but there was still no sign of the night heron. To pass the time, we watched the dragonflies and damselflies buzzing around the reserve, along with a red-eared slider turtle basking nearby. After four and a half hours of waiting, we finally decided to pull stumps, admit defeat, and head back to Whitecross Green Woods in search of butterflies instead. A bit annoying as I had delayed our departure time.

Over the next couple of days, news broke that a Hudsonian godwit had been found at Cattawade, on the Suffolk–Essex border. By Tuesday evening, we'd agreed on another early start to see if we could connect with it. We'd both seen one last year (report here), but I was keen to add it to my year list. We also took Kev's wife, Karen @karenheath62, along for the trip, as it would be a lifer for her.

The Hudsonian godwit is one of North America's most sought-after vagrants to Britain. Although it breeds in North America and winters in southern South America, a small number are blown across the Atlantic each year, making every UK record a significant event. This was certainly a bird not to miss. There have been around 70–80 accepted British records, with the total continuing to rise as new sightings are assessed by the British Birds Rarities Committee. Many of these birds remain for several days or even weeks, giving birders the opportunity to catch up with them.

It is widely believed that the Cattawade bird was the same adult first discovered at RSPB Minsmere on 1 July before disappearing for over a week. It was rediscovered at Stutton Mill on the River Stour, just upstream from Cattawade, and over the following days ranged around the Stour Estuary, appearing at Cattawade, Manningtree and Stutton Mill, with its movements largely dictated by the tides. The bird, an adult in breeding plumage, had been photographed showing the rich chestnut-red underparts typical of the species and, whenever it took flight, the diagnostic black underwings and axillaries - one of the key features separating it from the accompanying black-tailed godwits.

After a stop for a comfort break, we arrived at the recommended car park and set off towards the pin drop we'd been given the previous day. As we gathered our gear, we'd noticed a couple of birders doing the same - they mentioned walking along the road, and we had intended to follow them, but by the time we left the car park they had disappeared from sight - I'd seemed to drag my feet leaving Kev and Karen waiting.

We looked along the road but quickly decided it wasn't the correct route. It looked like a death trap, with nowhere safe to walk, so we crossed the road instead. From there it became obvious that the route led through a small area of houses, shops and industrial units. A birder heading in the opposite direction confirmed we were on the right track and told us to cross the bridge, where we'd find the assembled birders already watching the godwit.

When we joined the group, we were told the bird was currently out of view, about halfway along the channel. We set up our scopes, and after about five minutes the godwit reappeared, feeding steadily along the water's edge before making a short flight across to the opposite bank.

I began photographing it as it worked its way closer, but I noticed another group of birders positioned lower down the ditch, around 30 metres ahead. Thinking it would give me a better angle and reduce the distance to the bird, I left my scope with Karen and Kev and walked down to join them. The godwit continued feeding along the far side of the channel, gradually making its way towards us. After a long wait, it finally moved into a much better position, giving me my best photo opportunity. A great bird and a welcome addition to my year list.

The bird started working away and we looked at our watches - well the time at least, Kev doesn't wear one - and decided that we'd start making our way home and drop off at RSPB Otmoor on the way as one of our friends Bruyan Manston had alerted us to the fact that brown hairstreaks have emerged and could be seen down one of the rides. Kev and I have really quite enjoyed the last month where birds have taken a bit of a back seat and insect life taken over. It has been a time to recharge and prepare for the second half of the year when I hope to close out a species list of more than 300.

On the way down Otmoor Lane there were signs suggesting a road ahead was closed but continuing on we didn't come across any obstructions and reached the car park to find only one other car there. We picked up some binoculars and cameras and set off to search along the ride we'd been pointed at and see if we could find this new butterfly to us.

The brown hairstreak is one of Britain's most elusive and sought-after butterflies and unlike many butterfly species that can be found easily nectaring on flowers in open meadows, it typically spends much of its life hidden away among the branches of trees and hedgerows, making it a real challenge to find and photograph.

This small but beautiful butterfly is instantly recognisable when seen well - the female is the more striking of the two sexes, with bold orange markings on the upper wings, while the male is generally darker, with a smaller orange patch on the forewing. Both have the characteristic orange markings and small tails on the underwings that give hairstreak butterflies their distinctive appearance.

It is strongly associated with traditional hedgerows and areas of scrub containing its main food plant, blackthorn. The female lays her eggs individually on young blackthorn stems, where they remain through the winter before hatching the following spring. The caterpillars feed on the fresh leaves and flower buds before eventually pupating among the surrounding vegetation.

Some of the best places to see this species are in south Wales and parts of southern England, where conservation efforts and sympathetic land management have helped maintain important populations - outside of these areas, sightings are much more sporadic. Even within areas where they occur, they are never guaranteed. Their habit of spending much of their time in the tree canopy means that patience, good weather and a little luck are often needed to catch a glimpse.

We spotted a good variety of butterflies along the ride, along with plenty of damselflies and dragonflies enjoying the warm conditions. I eventually stopped to investigate some butterflies feeding on a patch of brambles, and as one fluttered up and settled to nectar, I realised it was a brown hairstreak.

I called Kev and Karen over and pointed out where it was feeding. Within a minute, Kev found another individual and showed us where it was perched - a fantastic result! Later, Kev discovered two more, bringing the total to four sightings.

We continued searching for another half an hour but could only relocate the same individuals in their favoured spots. Even so, the area was alive with insect activity, with a great variety of other butterflies, damselflies and dragonflies.

With our search complete and the brown hairstreak successfully found, we headed home delighted with our short visit.

That evening, Kev and I were chatting and noticed that the black-crowned night Heron was still being reported from Miller's Pool, Sholing. We decided it was worth another attempt, this time planning to leave earlier than on our previous visit. Setting the alarm for 4.00am, we hoped an early morning start would give us the best chance of connecting with the bird, as pre-breakfast seemed to be when it was most active and in view. It also meant we'd beat the public and, unlike the previous Saturday, avoid the inevitable disturbance caused by the many children fishing around the pool.

We arrived and parked up, soon joining a lone birder watching from the edge of the pool. His news wasn't particularly encouraging as he'd already been there for nearly half an hour without a sighting.

We settled in alongside him and began another patient vigil. Apart from a suspicious shape moving in the reeds that briefly raised our hopes before revealing itself to be nothing more than a coot, there was no sign of our target. A few more birders arrived over the next hour or so, and we updated them on the situation.

As we continued to wait, Kev spotted a fox standing on a fallen log spanning the water. It paused to scan its surroundings before turning its attention towards us, watching quietly for a few moments. Earlier, we'd seen a rat behaving in much the same way from the very same log. The fox looked to be in excellent condition, with a healthy coat and a watchful, alert demeanour.

As the wait dragged on, Kev moved to a different vantage point to gain a better angle into the reedbed where the bird had been seen most often, but despite our combined efforts, we still drew a blank.

I got chatting to another birder who turned out to be a regular visitor, having seen the night heron on several of his daily visits. He confirmed that it was usually seen at the far end of the reeds and kindly showed me his best photograph of the bird - an image I could only admire with a touch of envy. He'd also found what he considered the best place to wait, although before long we found ourselves back on the fishing-platform peg.

Kev and I eventually climbed down to sit at the end of the platform, almost at water level, where we continued scanning the reed margins. While we waited, black-tailed skimmers began patrolling the pool, and a couple of interesting butterflies drifted past, providing a welcome distraction. Then I caught some movement in a willow tree ahead. We'd scanned the tree countless times already, knowing that both of our previous night heron sightings had involved birds perched in willows at some stage. I raised my binoculars to investigate. At first all I could see was a woodpigeon, but then, tucked in amongst the branches, I spotted the night heron. I alerted everyone and tried to describe where to look as apparently "it’s in the tree" is not descriptive enough!

The bird soon hopped further along the branch and disappeared behind dense leaf cover. Kev quickly relocated in an attempt to gain a better angle, but before he could get into position the heron took flight, disappearing behind the willow and into a stand of trees off to our left, frustratingly out of sight.

Before we had much chance to discuss our next move, the night heron was airborne again. This time it flew towards us, passing high in front of our position before continuing over the trees. It then banked left and appeared to drop into the woodland beyond. A couple of the other birders headed off in search of it, but after a while they returned empty-handed, unable to relocate the bird.

By now it was approaching mid-morning, so we decided to wait a little longer in the hope that the night heron might return. There seemed little point in heading home only to sit in heavy traffic, so we made the most of the peaceful surroundings and continued scanning the pool.

Eventually, we called it a day and began the journey home, but this time there was a sense of satisfaction. Having redeemed ourselves after dipping on our previous visit, it seemed only fitting to round off the morning with a well-earned celebratory brunch.

Saturday arrived and our search for new species for the year took us in pursuit of pectoral sandpipers. There were two potential locations to choose from: two birds reported at RSPB Freiston Shore, or a single bird at Keyhaven Marshes.

I initially suggested we head for Keyhaven, but with the distances to both sites being fairly similar, the added attraction of two birds at Freiston Shore, and the ever-present possibility of something new turning up along the east coast, we decided to make the journey northeast.

We arrived and parked up, heading out to view the pool in front of us, which was alive with waders. Among the many birds present were good numbers of redshanks, golden plover, a turnstone, oystercatchers, a lone red knot, dunlin, avocets, a black-tailed godwit and lapwings. Adding to the variety were common terns, along with a juvenile little tern, which provided a welcome highlight amongst the busy scene. There were no reports for the pectoral sandpipers yet and we wondered if we'd misjudged when the tides might turn and birds disperse.

We continued along the edge of the car park towards the reservoir pool and stopped to have another look, this time from a different angle. While we were scanning the water, a birder approached from behind and shared the news that a pectoral sandpiper was still being reported. We quickly packed away our gear and made our way towards the screen overlooking the pool.

When we arrived, a female birder already there turned to us with disappointing news. Both birds had been present shortly after the previous birder had left, but a peregrine had flown through and flushed the pectoral sandpipers, just five minutes before we arrived. The frustrating part was that all the other wildfowl and waders had remained in place, and we hadn't even seen the peregrine as we walked over.

We settled in and scanned through the gathering of birds, picking out the black-tailed godwits, redshanks, three yellow wagtails, and an impressive group of 11 greenshanks, but despite searching carefully there was still no sign of the sandpipers.

Eventually, we decided to try the lagoon further back along the track, viewed from the new hide. As we made our way there, we met another birder coming in the opposite direction. He stopped to check his phone and asked whether the pectoral sandpipers were still present. When we told him they had disappeared, he shared some unexpected news - a message had just come through on the Frampton Marsh volunteers' WhatsApp group reporting that two pectoral sandpipers had been seen there. Could these be our birds?

Looking across the lagoon, there was still no sign of the pectoral sandpipers. The far bank was packed with birds, however, with hundreds of red knot and oystercatchers gathered along the shoreline, creating an impressive spectacle in their own right.

We set off for RSPB Frampton Marsh, which was only a short distance along the coast but still around a 20–25 minute drive by car. Conveniently, we crossed paths with a Frampton Marsh volunteer at both ends of the journey, and before long we were on site and making our way towards the 360 Hide, where the report had originated.

As we approached, we met a couple of birders leaving the hide who told us they had been unable to relocate the birds and were going to try their luck scanning from the path instead. Entering the hide ourselves, we quickly confirmed the situation - the pectoral sandpipers were still missing. Apparently, only one person had seen the birds, but he was considered a reliable observer.

We spent time scanning the area and picked out a good selection of waders, including black-tailed godwits, five spotted redshanks, a ruff, and a single green sandpiper, but there was still no sign of the pectoral sandpipers.

Eventually, we decided to move on and view the area from the side, scanning across the water and the islands beyond the reedbed hide in the hope that the birds had simply moved elsewhere.

From here, we had a much better view across the reserve and quickly picked out at least 14 spoonbills, many more black-tailed godwits, three sleeping spotted redshanks, and several avocets. Unfortunately, the reported little stint had seemingly gone awol and was nowhere to be found.

While scanning, three birders appeared and told us they had spotted the two reported black-winged stilts down at the water's edge. Unfortunately, from our current position they were hidden from view. We moved higher up the bank and carefully peered over the edge, where we were finally able to get clear views of the pair.

It was believed that these black-winged stilts had attempted to breed earlier in the season but had been unsuccessful. Since then, they had been moving around this stretch of coastline, with this area currently proving to be their favoured location. Any day when you get to see stilts is a good day.

We decided to return to RSPB Freiston Shore on the off chance that the pectoral sandpipers had come back. On arrival, we noticed that the lagoon by the car park was now holding far fewer birds than earlier, perhaps displaced by the falling tide, which was now approaching low rather than the high tide conditions from our first visit.

We made our way back towards the screen, noting that the impressive flocks of red knot had largely moved on and the numbers of oystercatchers were gradually beginning to fall as well.

When we reached the screen, we found three other birders present, but there was still no sign of the pectoral sandpipers. The greenshanks and redshanks had also disappeared, while the black-tailed godwits were steadily leaving in small groups until eventually the lagoon was empty of them too. We shared our news from Frampton Marsh with the other birders, and after a discussion they eventually decided to move on. With little else to do, we accepted that our search was probably coming to an end and started making our way back towards the car.

Before leaving, we stopped to take another look over the lagoon from the new hide. From here, we continued to watch oystercatchers departing, while scanning across the surrounding meadow revealed a lone corn bunting, adding to another bird that had been calling near the screen earlier. Swallows streamed through over the water, but despite the excellent views offered from the new hide, there was nothing further to add to the day’s list.

We finally set off back to the car, with Kev hearing a tree sparrow and spotting what we presumed to be a female perched high on a distant bush.

As we walked along the track, we heard the unmistakable sound of a powerful propeller aircraft approaching. Looking up, we watched as an RAF Douglas C-47 Dakota swept overhead, crossing out over the seawall before banking away, circling back and repeating the manoeuvre before finally disappearing along the coast.

The aircraft was ZA947, wearing its distinctive brown and green South East Asia Command (SEAC) camouflage scheme. As it passed over the bay, it appeared to be flying through a cloud of oystercatchers. We assumed the aircraft was further offshore than it looked, but its passage was enough to flush many of the remaining oystercatchers from the water's edge.

ZA947 has a fascinating history. The aircraft was built in 1942 by the Douglas Aircraft Company at their Long Beach plant in California and was originally destined for the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF). However, it was soon transferred under the Lend-Lease programme to the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), where it served throughout the Second World War, carrying out vital transport, supply and evacuation duties.

The Dakota remained in Canadian military service until 1969, when it was declared surplus and two years later, in 1971, it was acquired by the British Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE), where it spent the next two decades based at Farnborough and Bedford, being used for advanced radar trials and atmospheric research.

In 1993, ZA947 was transferred to the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight (BBMF), where it remains today. Unlike the flight's historic fighters, the Dakota has a dual role - not only does it appear at airshows and commemorative events, but it also serves as a multi-engine training aircraft, helping prepare pilots to fly the flight's iconic Avro Lancaster bomber.

We headed home, stopping along the way for a sandwich and a drink. Although we hadn't managed to connect with our target bird, it had still been an enjoyable day out, with plenty of good birding, unexpected highlights and the simple pleasure of being out in the field.

Year list: 270.

Crail & Musselburgh :: 08 - 09 July 2026

With birding largely reduced to short days out and the same species turning up on each visit, Kev and I have been spending more time watching butterflies and, inevitably, dragonflies and damselflies. We'd also taken in some tennis at Eastbourne for a week, travelling and spending time with friends. Everything changed on Sunday when news broke of a long-tailed shrike at Crail, Fife. Unfortunately, I was tied up on both Monday and Tuesday, leaving Wednesday as my first chance to go. Kev wasn't tempted by the prospect of the long drive, so this would be a solo trip. If time allowed on the way home, I'd also try to call in and see my mum and one of my brothers.

On Wednesday morning I was showered, packed and ready, waiting only for confirmation that the bird had remained overnight. Thankfully the early updates started appearing on the WhatsApp groups and BirdGuides, allowing for an early departure. At 5.31am the message I'd been waiting for arrived - the bird was still present. I grabbed my optics and overnight bag and headed north for Fife, stopping only once enroute for breakfast and a comfort break.

The bird had been discovered near Crail and proved remarkably faithful to the area, remaining long enough for thousands of birders to catch up with it. It was identified as a first-summer male, showing the classic combination of a black face mask and crown, grey nape, chestnut back and rump, pale underparts and a long black tail.

Its appearance was of huge significance. Before the Crail bird, Britain had recorded just one accepted long-tailed shrike, a first-winter bird on South Uist in the Outer Hebrides during November 2000. That individual became the stuff of birding folklore as severe weather made travel to the islands extremely difficult. Birders chartered boats and even aircraft in desperate attempts to reach it, but many failed before the bird disappeared, leaving relatively few fortunate enough to add it to their British lists.

The Crail bird was found by Ian Redfield, a visiting American ornithology student from Colorado who is spending the summer in Fife assisting with corn bunting surveys. While birding farmland near Thirdpart House, just outside Crail, Ian noticed a shrike that immediately struck him as unusual. Although unfamiliar with European shrikes, he recognised it wasn't quite right and sent photographs to local birders Will Creswell of Wild Crail and Chris Gomersall, who circulated the images with the cautious message: "Probably lesser grey shrike. Small chance of long-tailed shrike."

The photographs then caught the attention of experienced birder Jared Wilson, who suggested that the seemingly improbable possibility of a long-tailed shrike should be taken seriously. Once the bird was relocated and studied properly, its rich chestnut upperparts, long tail and other diagnostic features confirmed the identification, making it only the second accepted long-tailed shrike ever recorded in Britain and the first for mainland Britain.

The discovery is a reminder of just how important it is to question first impressions. The bird could easily have been written off as a more familiar shrike species, but sharp observation, combined with Jared Wilson's willingness to consider an exceptionally rare identification, resulted in one of the most memorable British birding discoveries of recent decades.

I arrived at the fruit farm shop, where a volunteer directed me to a parking space. A team of volunteers was doing an excellent job of managing the stream of visiting birders while ensuring the normal business of the farm shop could continue uninterrupted. With my optics collected, I set off along the track running parallel to the road before turning onto a tarmac path leading towards a house and outbuildings, where a gathering of birders had assembled. It was a walk of almost a mile from the car park.

As I approached, a couple walking back towards me delivered some worrying news: the bird hadn't been seen for over two and a half hours. What! After a seven-hour drive, that wasn't what I wanted to hear. Fortunately, before disappointment had time to set in, I noticed a ripple of excitement spread through the assembled birders. As I reached them, the long-tailed shrike appeared on the low branches of a distant hedgerow. I managed a quick look through a local birder's scope before setting up my own scope, then enjoyed another brief view before it dropped back into cover. A lifer ticked.

I crossed to the opposite side of the hedge, joining another 30–40 birders watching the same stretch of hedge, and settled down to wait. About 20 minutes later someone picked the bird up again, this time tucked inside the hedge rather than perched on it. Although partly obscured at times by leaves blowing in the breeze, it remained visible long enough (15-20 minutes) to enjoy some excellent scope views.

Photography, however, proved much more difficult. The combination of distance, foliage and constantly shifting branches made getting a clear shot a real challenge, although I persevered and managed a few record images.

Looking through social media during the afternoon, I realised just how fortunate the earliest arrivals had been. Anyone on site before 6.00am had enjoyed incredible, close and unobstructed views. A birder friend, Alan Boddington @alanbodd, had driven through the night and was among those lucky enough to witness the bird showing continuously for at least 1½ hours. He also captured some outstanding video footage of this amazing rarity.

Through the night drive to Scotland for Britain’s 2nd ever Long-Tailed Shrike. Showed continuously between 06.00-07.30 at Crail, Fife. pic.twitter.com/PC2iLnJHWf

— Alan Boddington (@alanbodd) July 8, 2026

Once the bird flew to our left it vanished and a long wait began, hoping that the bird would reappear and give some further views. Swallows and house martins swooped and cut across the crop fields between us and the polytunnels growing the fruit and in the field behind. Behind was also a clear view of the Isle of May - quite stunning scenery here. We watched the hedge where views had been obtained during the morning and the hedges beyond but for the next four hours there were "only" tree sparrows, corn buntings, yellowhammers, goldfinches, etc.

Eventually I booked some accommodation online and started to make my way back towards the car but stopped to chat with a birder and photographer who was watching the hedge from a shallower angle. I found him to be Tom Whiley from Norfolk (tomwhileybirdart.blogspot.com). Tom had been at the site for a couple of days and told me he'd taken around 2,500 photographs, having been fortunate enough to enjoy some superb views of the bird. We chatted for a while about the shrike and our respective years birding before saying our goodbyes. Unlike the prolonged performance enjoyed by the early arrivals, the bird had proved extremely elusive for most of the day following its initial morning showing.

Having seen the bird, I now had a decision to make. Should I return to the site at first light in the hope of enjoying closer views and perhaps coming away with a better photograph, or should I head round to Musselburgh and try for the surf and white-winged scoters? I'd missed both species during a family break in Fife back in April, despite spending time searching as the birds moved between Lower Largo, Leven, Methil and Wemyss, so this might be another opportunity to finally catch up with them - I decided on the latter.

After an early breakfast, and a brief stop for fuel, I arrived at the Musselburgh Lagoons car park just after 7.15am. From there I headed down to the coastal path and began scanning the sea.

There were plenty of birds on the water, but initially they all proved to be eiders. I made my way towards the area where the surf and white-winged scoters had last been reported, gradually picking up a couple of red-throated divers, a few velvet scoters and a handful of common scoters. Even so, the proportion of scoters was much lower than I'd expected, and the stretch of sea directly ahead appeared devoid of them altogether.

Realising I'd probably need to work my way back towards the mouth of the River Esk, I retraced my steps, continuing to pass raft after raft of eiders but surprisingly few scoters. After almost 15 minutes of walking, I met a young woman birder coming in the opposite direction. She had been watching the sea with another birder further along the path and pointed out a distant line of scoters offshore. She confirmed there were surf scoters among them and suggested I'd get much better views from where her boyfriend was still standing.

I continued and joined him, setting up my scope while he watched through his binoculars. A careful scan of the flock soon revealed three surf scoters, with two feeding together while a third bird kept some distance from the pair. I commented that they'd done well to pick them out at such a distance offshore. He replied that they had been watching the flock for around an hour and that the birds had been noticeably closer when they first arrived, only drifting much farther out to sea during that time. That surprised me, as high tide was still only about an hour and a half away - I'd expected the scoters to be moving closer inshore rather than heading farther out.

The surf scoters first appeared during late winter/early spring 2025 and remained through the summer, autumn and winter. Their position changes constantly with feeding flocks, so one day they may be comfortably within scope range while on another they can be several kilometres offshore. They breed across northern North America and winters mainly on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the continent. It is an exceptionally scarce visitor to Britain, with most records involving single birds, usually associating with flocks of other sea ducks so finding three together is highly unusual and is one reason these birds have attracted so much attention.

Chatting to the birder, I discovered that he and his girlfriend were from the Czech Republic. They had travelled to the UK for Birdfair but had arrived a week early to spend some time birding around Scotland before heading south for the weekend.

As we scanned the sea together, small flocks of around a dozen red-breasted mergansers flew past, while eight red-throated divers passed in singles and pairs. Although spread out, the divers remained loosely associated, forming a long, straggling procession as they moved steadily along the coast. A single gannet worked back and forth across the bay, plunge diving from time to time but also at distance.

At this distance it was almost impossible to determine whether any of the velvet scoters concealed the sought-after white-winged scoter, so I waited until high tide in the hope that the flock might drift closer to shore. Unfortunately, they remained frustratingly distant throughout.

Eventually I said my goodbyes to the Czech couple and began making my way back. Along the path I stopped several times to chat with birders heading in the opposite direction. None had managed to locate the white-winged scoter either, although a couple of them had enjoyed distant views of the surf scoters shortly before reaching me.

My mum called to see where I was. After briefly turning the camera on my phone around to show her the blue sea and cloudless sky, I told her I'd drive across and visit for a couple of hours before beginning the journey back to Oxfordshire.

It had been a short trip, but a rewarding one. Two year ticks had been added, one of them a lifer, while the long-tailed shrike was the sort of bird I may never have the opportunity to see in Britain again.

Year list: 268.

Norfolk tern ... then butterflies :: 18 & 20 June 2026

Last year, Kev @kev07713 and I took advantage of the quieter summer period to go butterfly watching, with a particular focus on purple emperors. Although we enjoyed some success, we never managed to connect with any white admirals. Over the weekend just gone, we therefore dedicated some time to visiting Bernwood Forest in the hope of catching up with the white admirals and perhaps seeing the first emerging purple emperors. While we were very successful in finding the white admirals, the purple emperors eluded us. Fortunately, it wasn't more than a week before we would catch up with them too, especially the males.

Birding had taken something of a back seat, but when we discussed plans for the middle of the week, I persuaded Kev to visit Hickling Broad, where a Caspian tern had been reported for several days. The trip might also give us the opportunity to visit Strumpshaw Fen RSPB, where we understood swallowtail butterflies could be found - another species high on our list of wildlife we'd been hoping to see.

We arrived at Hickling Broad to find the car park completely full, which came as quite a surprise and was very different from our previous visit to see the black-winged kite. Not only were there virtually no parking spaces available, even in the overflow car park, but a coach party was also checking in at the Visitor Centre. We were feeling optimistic, having received an update on the way confirming that the bird was still present.

After getting our gear together, we headed out onto the reserve. Before long, we met a couple who had just returned from one of the perimeter paths bordering the area where the Caspian tern had been reported. They advised us to continue along the path ahead and make for the elevated viewing platform, which they said likely offered the best chance of seeing the bird.

We walked with them and, after about five minutes, reached the platform where three birders were already in position. Two of them immediately stepped down and informed us that the tern had been showing well but had only just taken off and flown away from the viewpoint - they were content with their views and were leaving. Apparently, it had behaved in a similar fashion earlier and was expected to return—hopefully before too long.

We joined with the couple on the platform and with me on the stairs waiting for the return and thankfully it didn't take long before we saw the Caspian tern return into the shallow water and preen.

The Caspian tern is the world's largest tern and is a scarce but regular visitor to the UK. Although it breeds across parts of Europe, Asia, North America, Africa and Australia, it does not breed here so most UK records involve wandering birds during late spring and summer, with occasional individuals lingering for several days at favoured wetlands or estuaries. Some years produce only a handful of records, while in others several individuals appear around the country. Birds are most often seen between May and August, with July being a particularly good month as post-breeding dispersal begins.

As usual, I concentrated on taking photographs while Kev recorded some video on his phone through his scope. His post on X gives a good idea of just how distant the bird was, even with the reach provided by the scope and a degree of cropping applied to the video. He really is quite good at this.

Today @jkyles32 and I visited NWT Hickling Broad, Norfolk. Our target was the Caspian tern, It had been present for a few days, we had a fairly early start and with positive news luck would be on our side.@BirdGuides pic.twitter.com/WC3xL7XDu9

— Kev heath (@kev07713) June 18, 2026

While we waited, we added a steady stream of other species to the day's list, including common redshank (rather than the spotted redshanks reported the previous day), shelduck, ringed plover, buzzard, marsh harrier, sparrowhawk, Cetti's warbler, common tern, and more. Kev then picked out a little gull to the right of where the Caspian tern had been standing, providing another addition.

The tern made a few short flights around the pool before eventually gaining height and disappearing into the distance once more. Taking this as our cue, we relinquished our spot on the viewing platform and struck up a conversation with a couple of birders who had joined us. One of them mentioned that, in recent years, Caspian terns had become almost an annual feature somewhere in the Norfolk Broads, with Hickling Broad proving to be one of their favoured haunts. As a result, he now regarded the species as one he expected to see every year rather than just occasionally.

They also told us that swallowtail butterflies could be found on the reserve and that one of the more reliable places to look was along a nearby track leading back towards the Visitor Centre. We walked with them, as one of the birders wanted to catch up with reed warblers, and before long reached the spot they had described. There we found two women and another chap independently scanning the hedgerows in the hope of finding our target.

The two women were on holiday in the area and had already seen the butterflies earlier in the week but had returned in the hope of enjoying more prolonged views. Unfortunately, none were showing at the time. While I chatted with them, Kev wandered over to speak with the other chap, who had just discovered a drinker moth caterpillar and was soon showing it to the rest of us.

The caterpillar of the drinker moth is one of Britain's most distinctive large, hairy caterpillars. Fully grown, it can reach around 75 mm in length, making it one of the largest moth caterpillars likely to be encountered in the UK. Its body is densely covered in long, shaggy brown and orange hairs, giving it a distinctly furry appearance. Running along its back is a pair of narrow creamy-white lines, usually separated by a darker central stripe, while each flank is decorated with a series of bold black-and-white chevrons, creating a strikingly patterned insect that is difficult to overlook.

Across the reedbed we could see a small group of people gathered beside a line of bushes and, according to the two women, this was another spot where swallowtail butterflies had been showing regularly the previous day. We eventually decided to make our way over and, as we walked, the occasional flurry of raised cameras gave us hope that we were heading in the right direction.

As we reached the group, a swallowtail butterfly drifted effortlessly into view before settling on a nearby bush, affording us superb views. It was a butterfly lifer for both of us and a species we'd talked about making a special trip to see for several years. The next couple of hours passed all too quickly as we watched, photographed and admired these magnificent insects, chatting with the other enthusiasts between sightings. What a beautiful butterfly it is, and one that more than lived up to our expectations.

The swallowtail is Britain's largest butterfly, with a wingspan of up to 90mm, and is also one of its most breathtaking. With creamy-yellow wings boldly patterned in black, accented by electric-blue crescents and a vivid red eye spot on each hindwing, it is impossible to mistake. It is endemic to the Norfolk Broads, and this subspecies is restricted to the fens where its caterpillars feed exclusively on milk parsley.

Eventually, we made our way back to the Visitor Centre for a well-earned lunch before returning to the car for the journey home, satisfied that we had connected with both of our target species and enjoyed another memorable day.

There is a small, managed colony of Glanville fritillaries in Wiltshire. Although introduced and therefore outside the butterfly's natural range, the colony has persisted for several years thanks to careful habitat management. Naturally, the Glanville fritillary is confined to the Isle of Wight, where it breeds on coastal grasslands, making the Wiltshire colony a much more accessible opportunity to see this rare species.

Armed with some good information, we set off on the Saturday in the hope of tracking one down and after parking, we climbed the slope towards what we believed was the most promising area. The directions we'd been given initially proved a little confusing, however, and the terrain didn't seem to match our expectations but nevertheless, we pressed on and soon began encountering plenty of more common butterfly species.

Although butterflies were our main objective, it is never easy to ignore our usual quarry. Ahead of us, a kestrel hovered effortlessly, silhouetted against the sky above a sunlit slope that appeared to be alive with butterflies. To our right, a pair of stonechats voiced their disapproval at our presence, repeatedly perching on the tops of bushes and delivering their sharp, chattering calls as we passed and started working through the butterflies.

After a short while a likely candidate dropped into the grass and meadow flowers in front of us and on close inspection we believed we were on our target butterfly. It is one of Britain's most attractive and sought-after butterflies and although widespread across much of continental Europe, in Britain it is known for its natural population on the Isle of Wight.

It is a medium-sized butterfly whose orange-brown upper wings are patterned with a bold network of black markings, creating an intricate chequered effect. A row of pale cream spots around the wing margins provides an attractive contrast and completes its distinctive appearance.

The underside is, if anything, even more impressive. The hindwings have alternating bands of orange, cream and white, forming an intricate pattern reminiscent of stained glass. These markings are best appreciated when the butterfly settles to nectar, closing its wings to reveal the full beauty of their delicate design.

We enjoyed several more sightings, perhaps all involving the same individual, as we continued to explore the area. At one point I wandered over the hill behind us to see what else might be about. Although there were plenty of butterflies, they were all species we had already encountered. To make matters worse, while I was away Kev managed to add a grizzled skipper to his day list - typical! I had to content myself with a selection of the more common species instead.

Another thoroughly enjoyable day out, and a wonderful way to spend the quieter weeks of summer when birding naturally takes a back seat. Swapping feathers for butterflies had proved every bit as rewarding, with another couple of long-awaited species added to our list.

Year list: 266.